play an important part in the human body, supporting nearly every biological process. Their primary functions include:
1. Building and repairing body tissues.
Proteins are an important structural component of human tissues. Muscles, organs, skin, and cells all require protein for development, repair, and daily metabolic renewal.
2. Transporting Essential Substances.
Many proteins function as transporters.
For example:
- Hemoglobin transports oxygen across the body.
- Other proteins help transfer fats, vitamins, and minerals.
Proteins also serve to keep the body's osmotic pressure stable, ensuring fluid equilibrium.
3. Improving Immune Function.
The immune system relies on proteins.
Protein is the building block of antibodies, immune cells, and many other defence chemicals.
When protein consumption is insufficient, immunity deteriorates, leaving the body more susceptible to illnesses.
4. Providing Energy
Although proteins are not the body's primary energy source, they can be broken down to provide energy, particularly when carbs and fats are insufficient.
5. Regulation of Hormones
Several essential hormones are protein-based, including:
- Insulin
- Growth hormone
- Several peptide hormones.
These hormones affect metabolism, growth, and a variety of other physiological processes.
